NOVEMBER 2024 PAST PAPERS

APPLIED SCIENCE

1. Define energy.
   Answer: Energy is the capacity to do work. It exists in various forms such as kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, and electrical energy.

2. State the three modes of heat transfer.
   Answer: The three modes of heat transfer are:

   • Conduction
   • Convection
   • Radiation

3. Explain the term “latent heat.”

4. Answer: Latent heat is the heat absorbed or released by a substance during a phase change (such as melting or boiling) without a change in temperature.

5. Name three renewable sources of energy.
   Answer: Three renewable sources of energy are:

   • Solar energy
   • Wind energy
   • Hydroelectric energy

1. What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?
   Answer: A fuse protects an electrical circuit by breaking the circuit if the current exceeds a safe level, preventing overheating and potential fire hazards.

ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES

1. Define electrical resistance.
   Answer: Electrical resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current in a conductor, measured in ohms (Ω).

2. State Ohm’s Law.
   Answer: Ohm’s Law states that the current (I) through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance (R). Mathematically, V=IRV = IR.

3. Name three types of electrical circuits.
   Answer: The three types of electrical circuits are:

   • Series circuit
   • Parallel circuit
   • Series-parallel circuit

4. What is an insulator?
   Answer: An insulator is a material that does not allow the flow of electric current easily. Examples include rubber, glass, and plastic.

ELECTRONICS

1. What is a semiconductor?
   Answer: A semiconductor is a material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Examples include silicon and germanium.

2. State two applications of diodes.
   Answer: Diodes are used for:

   • Rectification (converting AC to DC)
   • Signal demodulation in radio receivers

3. What is the function of a transistor in an electronic circuit?
   Answer: A transistor acts as an amplifier or a switch in an electronic circuit.

ELECTRICAL & SOLAR INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY

1. What is the main function of a solar panel?
   Answer: A solar panel converts sunlight into electrical energy using photovoltaic cells.

2. Name two types of electrical wiring systems.
   Answer: The two types of electrical wiring systems are:

   • Conduit wiring
   • Surface wiring

3. What is an electrical load?
   Answer: An electrical load is any device or appliance that consumes electrical power, such as lights, motors, and heaters.

4. State two advantages of solar energy.
   Answer: Two advantages of solar energy are:

   • It is renewable and sustainable.
   • It reduces electricity bills.